At around age 12, the students already showed distinct patterns of behavior. Habitual users reported checking…

Questão

At around age 12, the students already showed distinct patterns of behavior. Habitual users reported checking their feeds 15 or more times a day; moderate users checked between one and 14 times; nonhabitual users checked less than once a day. The subjects received full brain scans three times, at approximately one-year intervals, as they played a computerized game that delivered rewards and punishment in the form of smiling or scowling peers. While carrying out the task, the frequent checkers showed increasing activation of three brain areas: reward-processing circuits, which also respond to experiences like winning money or risk-taking behavior; brain regions that determine salience, picking out what stands out in the environment; and the prefrontal cortex, which helps with regulation and control. The results showed that “teens who grow up checking social media more often are becoming hypersensitive to feedback from their peers,” Dr. Telzer said. Social sensitivity could be adaptive, showing that the teenagers are learning to connect with others; or it could lead to social anxiety and depression if social needs are not met. “They are showing that the way you use it at one point in your life does influence the way your brain develops, but we don’t know by how much, or whether it’s good or bad,” said Jeff Hancock, the founding director of the Stanford Social Media Lab, who was not involved in the study. He said that many other variables could have contributed to these changes. He described the paper as “a very sophisticated piece of work,” contributing to research that has emerged recently showing that sensitivity to social media varies from person to person. Over the last decade, social media has remapped the central experiences of adolescence, a period of rapid brain development. Researchers have documented a range of effects on children’s mental health. Some studies have linked use of social media with depression and anxiety, while others found little connection. Without more information about other aspects of the students’ lives, “it is challenging to discern how specific differences in brain development are to social media checking,” said Adriana Galvan, a specialist in adolescent brain development at the University of California Los Angeles, who was not involved in the study. Dr. Telzer, one of the study’s authors, described the rising sensitivity to social feedback as “neither good nor bad.” “It’s helping them connect to others and obtain rewards from the things that are common in their social world, which is engaging in social interactions online,” she said. This is the new norm,” she added. “Understanding how this new digital world is influencing teens is important. It may be associated with changes in the brain, but that may be for good or for bad. We don’t necessarily know the long-term implications yet.” Jeff Hancock, from the Stanford Social Media Lab, believes that using social media (UECE 2023)

1. A) makes teens more perceptive.
2. B) influences the way teens' brains develop.
3. C) is a very good habit.
4. D) alters the prefrontal cortex.

✅ Resposta correta: alternativa B

Resolução passo a passo

1. A questão pergunta o que Jeff Hancock, do Stanford Social Media Lab, acredita sobre o uso das redes sociais. Passo 2: No texto, Hancock afirma: "They are showing that the way you use it at one point in your life does influence the way your brain develops, but we don't know by how much, or whether it's good or bad". Ou seja, para ele, a forma como se usa as redes sociais em certa fase da vida influencia o desenvolvimento do cérebro. Passo 3: A alternativa B reproduz essa ideia com as palavras "influences the way teens' brains develop", que corresponde ao que Hancock disse. Passo 4: As outras alternativas estão erradas: A) é errada porque o texto não diz que as redes tornam os adolescentes mais perceptivos; a ideia de saliência aparece como achado do estudo, não como conclusão de Hancock. C) é errada porque Hancock não avalia o hábito como muito bom; ele diz justamente que não se sabe se o efeito é bom ou ruim. D) é errada porque o córtex pré-frontal é uma área citada no estudo como uma das que mostraram aumento de ativação, e Hancock não afirma que o uso das redes o altera de forma definitiva; ele fala em influência no desenvolvimento cerebral em geral, e não em uma área específica. Passo 5: Portanto, o gabarito B está correto e coincide com a conclusão que Hancock apresenta.

💡 Dica: Leia atentamente o texto para compreender as opiniões apresentadas.

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