Why do we have blood types? In 1996 a naturopath named Peter D’Adamo published a book called Eat Right 4 Your…

Questão

Why do we have blood types? In 1996 a naturopath named Peter D’Adamo published a book called Eat Right 4 Your Type. D’Adamo argued that we must eat according to our blood type, in order to harmonise with our evolutionary heritage. Blood types, he claimed, “appear to have arrived at critical junctures of human development.” According to D’Adamo, type O blood arose in our hunter-gatherer ancestors in Africa, type A at the dawn of agriculture, and type B developed between 10,000 and 15,000 years ago in the Himalayan highlands. Type AB, he argued, is a modern blending of A and B. From these suppositions, D’Adamo then claimed that our blood type determines what food we should eat. With my agriculture-based type A blood, for example, I should be a vegetarian. People with the ancient hunter type O should have a meat-rich diet and avoid grains and dairy. According to the book, foods that are not suited to our blood type contain antigens that can cause all sorts of illness. D’Adamo recommended his diet as a way to reduce infections, lose weight, fight cancer and diabetes, and slow the ageing process. D’Adamo’s book has sold seven million copies and has been translated into 60 languages. It has been followed by a string of other blood type diet books; D’Adamo also sells a line of blood-type-tailored diet supplements on his website. As a result, doctors often get asked by their patients if blood type diets actually work. The best way to answer that question is to run an experiment. In Eat Right 4 Your Type D’Adamo wrote that he was in the eighth year of a decade-long trial of blood type diets on women with cancer. Eighteen years later, however, the data from this trial have not yet been published. Recently, researchers at the Red Cross in Belgium decided to see if there was any other evidence in the diet’s favor. They hunted through the scientific literature for experiments that measured the benefits of diets based on blood types. Although they examined over 1,000 studies, their efforts were fruitless. “There is no direct evidence supporting the health effects of the ABO blood type diet,” says Emmy De Buck of the Belgian Red Cross-Flanders. After De Buck and her colleagues published their review in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, D’Adamo responded on his blog. In spite of the lack of published evidence supporting his Blood Type Diet, he claimed that the science behind it is right. “There is good science behind the blood type diets, just like there was good science behind Einstein’s mathematical calculations that led to the Theory of Relativity,” he wrote. According to the text, the expression “that question” in boldface and italics (paragraph 04) refers to (UFPR 2015)

1. A) the question presented in the title.
2. B) the string of blood type diet books.
3. C) the blood-type-tailored diet proposed by D’Adamo.
4. D) the question whether blood type diets actually work.

✅ Resposta correta: alternativa D

Resolução passo a passo

1. O pronome demonstrativo 'that question' (essa pergunta) retoma uma pergunta já formulada na frase anterior do mesmo parágrafo. Nessa frase, os médicos são questionados pelos pacientes sobre se as dietas por tipo sanguíneo realmente funcionam ('if blood type diets actually work').
2. A frase seguinte, 'The best way to answer that question is to run an experiment', confirma o referente, pois fala em responder a pergunta por meio de um experimento. Responder a uma pergunta sobre eficácia exige testar se a dieta funciona.
3. Portanto, 'that question' refere-se a 'whether blood type diets actually work', alternativa D, que é a correta. O gabarito oficial está correto.
4. A alternativa A está errada, pois a pergunta do título ('Why do we have blood types?') trata da origem dos tipos sanguíneos e não é o que o parágrafo 4 discute.
5. A alternativa B está errada, pois 'string of blood type diet books' é uma expressão do parágrafo anterior que designa uma série de livros, não uma pergunta.
6. A alternativa C está errada, pois a dieta proposta por D'Adamo é o objeto da pergunta, mas não é a própria pergunta, que questiona se ela funciona.

💡 Dica: Identifique o referente do pronome no texto para compreender a expressão.

Alternativa por alternativa

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