195 Questões do FUVEST 2026

Leia o trecho adaptado de um poema de Alberto Caeiro, heterônimo de Fernando Pessoa. No dia de São João, enquanto os outros se reúnem e celebram, eu fico à janela, longe da festa. Vejo as luzes, ouço os risos e o ruído dos foguetes, mas não procuro nessas coisas qualquer sentido escondido. A festa existe enquanto a vejo e a ouço; o que não passa pelos sentidos não tem, para mim, realidade. Considerando o trecho e as tendências dominantes da poesia de Alberto Caeiro, o afastamento da festa de São João é vivido pelo eu lírico como

1. A) oportunidade de manifestar seu desapego pelas festividades que mesclam indevidamente o sagrado e o profano.
2. B) reconhecimento de que só tem realidade efetiva o que corresponde à experiência dos próprios sentidos.
3. C) ânsia de integração em uma sociedade que o rejeita por causa de sua excentricidade e estranheza.
4. D) frustração, uma vez que não experimenta as emoções profundas nem as reflexões filosóficas que tanto aprecia.
5. E) ocasião de criticar a persistência de costumes tradicionais, remanescentes no Portugal do Modernismo.

No poema “Profundamente”, de Manuel Bandeira, o eu lírico recorda duas experiências relacionadas à festa de São João: Quando ontem adormeci Na noite de São João Havia alegria e rumor Estrondos de bombas, luzes de Bengala, Vozes, cantigas e risos Ao pé das fogueiras acesas. No meio da noite despertei Não ouvi mais vozes nem risos (...) Onde estavam os que há pouco Dançavam, Cantavam E riam Ao pé das fogueiras acesas? — Estavam todos dormindo, Estavam todos deitados, Dormindo Profundamente. Quando eu tinha seis anos Não pude ver o fim da festa de São João Porque adormeci. Hoje não ouço mais as vozes daquele tempo: Minha avó, Meu avô, Totônio Rodrigues, Tomásia, Rosa. Onde estão todos eles? — Estão todos dormindo, Estão todos deitados, Dormindo Profundamente. Considerando a organização das lembranças, as imagens sensoriais e a pergunta final do eu lírico, a experiência do afastamento da festa de São João é interpretada adequadamente em qual alternativa?

1. A) constrói-se sobretudo pela passagem do tempo, que articula a lembrança da infância à consciência da transitoriedade da vida.
2. B) é apresentada sobretudo como experiência de sonho, em que a imaginação substitui os acontecimentos concretamente vividos.
3. C) assume caráter abstrato, pois a lembrança elimina sons, imagens e demais elementos sensoriais da celebração.
4. D) retoma, com nostalgia, os valores tradicionais que definiriam a primeira geração modernista brasileira.
5. E) organiza-se pela separação rigorosa entre linguagem prosaica e linguagem poética, sem mistura entre seus procedimentos.

In a 2004 report, Xinhua, China’s official news agency, described the rapid increase in private car ownership as a sign that the country was entering a new era. The report associated the expansion of the automobile market with rising incomes and greater access to consumer credit. It did not claim that the industry had already reached its maximum growth, nor did it attribute the phenomenon exclusively to new bank-lending rules. According to the passage, Xinhua

1. A) played an important role in China’s social and economic transformation during 2004.
2. B) had proclaimed that China’s car industry had already reached its maximum growth in 2004.
3. C) considered new bank-lending rules to be the exclusive cause of China’s mass car consumption.
4. D) reported, in 2004, that the rise in private car ownership signaled a new era for China.
5. E) predicted that China’s car industry would exceed all expectations in the short run.

Over the past two decades, car ownership in China has expanded rapidly. This change has increased mobility for millions of people, but it has also contributed to traffic congestion, air pollution and higher carbon emissions. Environmental organizations have criticized the trend because they see its effects as harmful to public health and to efforts to limit climate change. Their reaction is presented as one of deep emotional suffering in response to these consequences, rather than as a sudden surprise or a desire to punish those who buy cars. Based on the passage, which adjective best describes the reaction of environmentalists to China’s growing dependence on cars?

1. A) angry
2. B) distressed
3. C) apprehensive
4. D) startled
5. E) scared

Read the following excerpt about the Chinese automobile market: "China's demand for cars continued to grow rapidly in 2004, although the rate of growth was lower than in the previous year. After increasing by 35% in 2003, sales rose by 15% in 2004. The tightening of bank-lending rules did not reduce sales; instead, demand remained impressive. Analysts did not expect growth to fall below 10% in 2005, and the expansion of the Chinese market was not attributed to the sluggish global economy." According to the passage, which statement about the demand for cars in China is correct?

1. A) is still quite impressive.
2. B) may dip below 10% in 2005.
3. C) fell by 15% when lending rules were tightened.
4. D) was extremely high both in 2003 and 2004.
5. E) was badly hit by the sluggish global economy.

In little more than a decade, the automobile has altered the face of urban China. In 2003, car sales rose sharply, and private ownership became increasingly common in cities that had previously been dominated by bicycles and public transport. The expansion was encouraged by industrial policies, but it also reflected rising incomes and consumers’ desire for greater mobility. Analysts expected China’s car market to continue growing by roughly 10% a year, even if the pace varied with the world economy. They also warned that China’s overall economic growth could slow from its exceptionally rapid rate, without necessarily coming to a halt. Thus, the automobile industry was not merely responding to urban change: it was one of the forces helping to produce it. Which of the following statements is true according to the passage?

1. A) The automobile industry has been one of the forces driving the radical changes occurring in urban China.
2. B) China’s economic growth will remain in the high single figures as long as the world economy does not slow down.
3. C) China became a car culture in 2003 solely because of the government’s industrial policy.
4. D) Car sales in China are expected to rise by no more than 10% whenever the global economy recovers.
5. E) Despite the market’s positive projections, China’s economic growth is expected to stop in the next few years.